An Essay

 Write an essay about honesty is the best policy.

Ans.

HONESTY IS THE BEST POLICY

Honesty cannot be only a policy. This can be a principle. There is a difference between policy and principle. A policy is  changed. You change it when no policy  pays. But a principle does not change. You do not and cannot change a principle even if it causes loss, You suffer and even lay down your life for a principle. But policy is just a matter of convenience. It is a kind of business that thinks in terms of loss or profit.

 Can honesty be just a matter of policy? No. Honesty is the best of wealth. The reward of honesty is honesty itself, for there is nothing better than honesty. Character is the crown of life and honesty is the crown of character itself. No one can be good or great without truth and honesty. Truth and honesty are not different things. There can be no honesty without truth. They are one and the same. So, all great men have always led an honest life.

Honesty is necessary for real happiness. You can never be happy if you are not honest. A dishonest man get very rich. He may enioy all the comforts of life. But he cannot be happy. He may cheat the whole world but how can he cheat his own soul? A dishonest person can never enjoy sound sleep. He is always in fear of something. This sense of fear cannot give him rest. An honest man may be poor. He may have to lead a hard life. But still he is happy.

But to-day almost everybody is dishonest. Honesty does not give wealth and power. Honest people have to suffer a lot. They are hungry and naked. But dishonest people have become very rich and powerful. Dishonesty, and not honesty, has become their policy. But it never means that dishonesty is better than honesty. Even dishonest people claim that they are honest. What does it prove? It proves the greatness of honesty. Who can hide the sun of honesty? The cloud of dishonesty mạy hide the sun for some time. But can a cloud hide the sun for ever? 

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A question and answer of "The Poetry of Earth”

 Justify the significance of the title of the sonnet "The Poetry of Earth". 

[ "The Poetry of Earth” সনেটটির নামকরণের তাৎপর্য বিচার করাে।] 6 

 ANS. In the poem "The Poetry of Earth", Keats expresses the idea that the music of nature never ends. When the birds are exhausted by the scorching heat of summer, the song of the grasshopper runs from hedge to hedge. It keeps nature alive when the natural world goes quiet because of heat in summer. Similarly, the song of the cricket  breaks the frosty silence of the winter snow. By highlighting the content of the sonnet, Keats wants to show that the poetry of earth is indeed a music of nature. And that this song will continue in spite of the changes in the season- cycle.  Hence the title of the poem is appropriate. 

বঙ্গানুবাদ:

“The Poetry of Earth" সনেটে কিটস এই ধারণা ব্যক্ত করেছেন যে প্রকৃতির গান কখনও শেষ হয় না। পাখিরা যখন গ্রীষ্মের প্রখর তাপে অবসন্ন হয়ে পড়ে, তখন ঘাসফড়িংয়ের গান এক ঝােপ থেকে অন্য ঝােপে ভেসে বেড়ায়। এটি প্রকৃতিকে প্রাণবন্ত রাখে যখন গ্রীষ্মকালে প্রখর তাপে প্রাকৃতিক জগৎ স্তব্ধ হয়ে যায়। ঠিক একইভাবে ঝিঁঝিঁ পােকার গান শীতকালে তুষার শীতল নিস্তবতা ভঙ্গ করে। সনেটের বিষয়বস্তুটি ফুটিয়ে তুলে, কিটস বােঝাতে চেয়েছেন যে পৃথিবীর কবিতা হল প্রকৃতপক্ষে প্রকৃতির গান। আর এই গান ঋতুচক্রে পরিবর্তন সত্ত্বেও চলতেই থাকবে। তাই কবিতাটির নামকরণ যথার্থ । 

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Story Writing: The Greedy Mother and Her Son

 The Greedy Mother and Her Son 

There was a boy who lived with his mother. One day he stole his friend's book.  The mother was very pleased with her son after seeing the book. Next time, he stole a beautiful watch and showed it to his mother.  The mother saw the costly watch and said, "How intelligent you are ! What an easy way to get such nice things!" The boy felt very much encouraged. So, for the third time he stole a purse of money. His mother was very happy. She said, "O, how soon we will get rich now !" The boy grew up and became a robber. But one day he was caught. He was brought before a judge and sentenced to death. On the day of the execution, he wanted to see his mother.   His prayer was granted. He saw his mother and fell on her.  He grabbed his right ear between his teeth and bit it.  The boy was asked why he did so. He said, "She encouraged me to commit crimes. She never asked me not to steal. She is the cause of my sad end." 

The story teaches us not to encourage bad habits. One bad habit leads to another. So, the very first bad habit should be killed.

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SAQ of The Poetry of Earth

 The Poetry of Earth

Short Answer Type Questions

1 Marks Each

Answer in a complete sentence.

1)  Who wrote 'The Poetry of Earth'?

 Ans.  John Keats wrote 'The Poetry of Earth'. 

2) "What type of sonnet is Keats' 'The Poetry of Earth'?

 Ans.  'Keats' 'The Poetry of Earth' is a Petrarchan  sonnet. 

3) What type of a poem is 'The Poetry of Earth'? 

Ans. 'The Poetry of Earth' is a sonnet.

4)  "What does Keats celebrate in the poem 'The Poetry of Earth'? 

And.  In the poem, Keats celebrates the music of nature.

 5) What is the theme of this poem?

Ans. The theme of this poem is the continuity of nature's song through all seasons.

6) What is the rhyme scheme of the poem 'The Poetry of Earth'? 

 Ans. In 'The Poetry of Earth', the octave follows the rhyme scheme abba abba and the sestet follows cde cde. 

7) What do you understand by the phrase "the poetry of earth is never dead"? 

Ans. "The poetry of earth is never dead" means the poetry of earth is a continuous celebration of the abundance of nature through the cycle of seasons.

 8) What does Keats celebrate in the poem 'The Poetry of Earth'?

 Ans. In 'The Poetry of Earth' Keats celebrates the music of the earth.

  9) How are the birds in summer according to Keats? 

Ans. According to Keats the birds in summer are faint.

A Why all the birds faint in Keats' sonnet 'The Poetry of Earth'?

 Ans.  In summer, the birds get exhausted by the Scorching heat of the sun and thus cease to sing and faint.

 10) 'Where do all the birds hide in Keats' 'The Poetry of Earth'? 

Ans.  In Keats' 'The Poetry of Earth' the birds hide in cooling trees. 

11) Who refuse to sing in hot summer? 

Ans. Birds refuse to sing in hot summer.

 12) When does grasshopper take the lead? 

Ans. The grasshopper takes the lead in summer luxury.

 13) In the poem 'The Poetry of Earth' who is the poet of summer? 

Ans. In the poem 'The Poetry of Earth', the poet of summer is the grasshopper.

 14) "What does the grasshopper metaphorically represent?

 Ans. The grasshopper metaphorically represents the poetry of earth.

 15) What represents the music of summer in 

Ans. In 'The Poetry of Earth', the grasshopper represents the music of summer. 

16) "..a voice will run." - Whose voice is referred to here? 

 Ans. The grasshopper's voice has been referred to here. 

17) "..he takes the lead"- Who is 'he'? 

 Ans.  Here 'he' refers to the grasshopper. 

18)  What does the voice speak of in Keat's 'The Poetry of Earth'? 

 Ans. The voice speaks of summer luxury.

 19) Where was the grasshopper seen in summer? 

Ans.  The grasshopper is seen beneath some pleasant weed. 

 20) Who takes the lead in 'summer luxury'? 

Ans. The grasshopper takes the lead in summer luxury. 

21) "Who 'has never done/With his delights'?

Ans. The grasshopper 'has never done/ With his delights'.

22) Where does the grasshopper rest when he is tired? 

Ans. The grasshopper rests beneath some pleasant weed when he is tired. 

23) "...a voice will run..."- Where does a voice run in summer? 

Ans. A voice runs from hedges to the new moon mead. 

24) Write a sentence on how grasshoppers experience luxury and delight.

 Ans.  A Grasshoppers experience luxury and delight in summer by continuing nature's music through its own voice. 

25) What might one hear on a lone, cold and silent winter evening ? 

Ans. On a lone, cold and silent winter evening, one could hear the song of the cricket. 

26) Who 'has wrought a silence'? 

Ans. Frost 'has wrought a silence' in winter.

 27) Where does the cricket's song come from? 

 Ans.  The cricket's song comes from the stove. 

28) What increases the warmth in winter? 

 Ans. The cricket's song increases the warmth in winter.

 29)  "What precedes the song of the grasshopper? 

Ans. The birds' songs precede the song of the grasshopper. 

30) Where does the cricket hide in winter? 

 Ans. The cricket hides in the stove in winter.

 31) "...silence from the stove there shrills'' -What does shrills refer to? 

Ans. Shrills refer to the song of the cricket.

32) Who breaks the silence of winter?

Ans. The cricket's song breaks The silence of winter.

33) Who takes charge of the song in  winter in 'The Poetry of Earth'?

Ans. The cricket takes charge of the song in  winter in 'The Poetry of Earth'?

34) Why does Keats make the voice of the grasshopper and the cricket follow each other in his sonnet ? 

Ans. Keats made the voice of the grasshopper and cricket, follow each other in order to prove that the nature's music never ceases.

 35)  What similarity do you find in the octave  and sestet of the poem "The Poetry of Earth"?

Ans. Both the octave and sestet of the poem speaks of immortality of earth's poetry or nature's beauty. 

36) What does the cricket's song seem to 'one in drowsiness half lost'? 

 Ans. The cricket's song seem to be the song of grasshopper among some grassy fields to 'one in drowsiness half losť. 

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A question and answer of The Place of Art in Education (Class xi)

 The Place of Art in Education

Question: "... art training should have the same status and importance as reading and writing" - How does the author justify this? [লেখক কীভাবে এটিকে ব্যাখ্যা করেন?] 

Or, 

Why does Nandalal Bose want to include art training in our traditional educational system? [কেন নন্দলাল বসু আমাদের প্রথাগত শিক্ষা পদ্ধতিতে শিল্প শিক্ষা অন্তর্ভুক্ত করতে চান?] 

Answer:

Reading and writing are very important in our education system. Art education is neglected.  As a result, total development does not occur.  Nandalal Bose believes that for total development, art education is as important as reading and writing.   Education in art develops many faculties in an individual. People perceive the outside world with their senses and minds.  Art education develops aesthetics in her.  Lack of taste highlights our cultural degradation and economic backwardness.  Art training develops the learners' power of observation.  It will give them better insight into literature, philosophy and science.  In addition to aesthetic pleasure, it can provide us with  means of livelihood. Development of the sense of beauty  is good for an individual as well as for the society at large.  

আমাদের শিক্ষা ব্যবস্থায় খুব বেশি গুরুত্ব দেওয়া হয় পড়া ও লেখাকে। শিল্প শিক্ষা উপেক্ষিত হয়। ফলে সামগ্রিক বিকাশ ঘটে না। নন্দলাল বসু মনে করেন যে সামগ্রিক বিকাশের জন্য শিল্প শিক্ষার ততটাই প্রয়ােজন যতটা প্রয়ােজন লেখা ও পড়ার৷ শিল্প শিক্ষা ব্যক্তিসত্তার নানাবিধ দিকের বিকাশ ঘটায়। মানুষ বাইরের জগতকে উপলদ্ধি করে ইন্দ্রিয় ও মন দিয়ে। শিল্প শিক্ষা তার মধ্যে সৌন্দর্যবােধের বিকাশ ঘটায়। রুচির অভাব আমাদের সাংস্কৃতিক অবক্ষয় ও অর্থনৈতিক অনগ্রসরতাকে তুলে ধরে। শিল্প প্রশিক্ষণ শিক্ষার্থীর পর্যবেক্ষণ ক্ষমতাকে বাড়িয়ে তােলে। এটি তার সাহিত্যচর্চা, দর্শনচর্চা ও বিজ্ঞানচর্চার উপযােগী অন্তর্দৃষ্টি গড়ে দেয়। নান্দনিক আনন্দের পাশাপাশি এটি আমাদের রুজিরােজগারের ব্যবস্থা করে দেয়৷ এই সৌন্দর্যবােধের বিকাশ একজন ব্যক্তি এবং বৃহত্তর সমাজের পক্ষে কল্যাণকর। 

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Write an application for a college leaving certificate which you need for admission to a university.

 Write an application for a college leaving certificate which you need for admission to a university.

Ans.

 To

 The Principal,

 Gangarampur College,

 Gangarampur, Dakshin dinajpur

Sir, 

I beg most respectfully to inform you that I had been a student of your college for three years and passed my B. A. Examination (English Honours) from your college in 2019. 

      Now I intend to get myself admitted to the University of Calcutta and for that it is necessary to submit a College-leaving Certificate from you to the Registrar of the University. 

      I should, therefore, request the favour of your kindly issuing me a certificate referring to my character, academic records and extra-curricular activities during the three years that I had been in your college.

                                                     I am,

                        Yours most obedient student, 

                                     Apu Das

Place : Gangarampur

Date: 4/12/20

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CIGARETTE SMOKING IS INJURIOUS TO HEALTH (Paragraph)

 CIGARETTE SMOKING IS INJURIOUS TO HEALTH

 Tobacco was first discovered in America. Its cultivation on a wide scale with the help of negro-slaves made it one of the major export items in American economy. Other parts of the world like Burma and Cuba also cultivated tobacco. Cigarettes made of tobacco rolled in tissue paper helped spread a very harmful habit among the so-called advanced countries of the West. From there it spread to different other countries of the world. Attractive packaging and expert publicity helped spread the addiction of smoking cigarettes even among the poorer sections of the people. But recently it has been detected that the habit of smoking causes different kinds of serious physical ailment, beginning with coughing, sore-throat, laryngitis, asthma and ending with such a fatal disease as cancer. Besides, for no fault of their own even persons who are liable to inhale the cigarette smoke when in the company of a smoker may suffer from any of these diseases. This shows how dangerous the habit of smoking cigarettes is. Besides, smoking cigarettes means waste of money, since the habit instead of doing any good only causes injury to one's health and makes one a slave to the addiction. It has been found that by abstaining from smoking a person may be cured of many diseases. He is also relieved of the burden of needless expenses, and ultimately becomes a happier and healthier citizen. Therefore, we should all steer clear of this bad habit of smoking cigarettes.

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TELEVISION: ITS MERITS AND DEMERITS

 TELEVISION: ITS MERITS AND DEMERITS 

Television is one of the many wonders of modern science and technology. It was invented in England by the Scottish scientist J.N. Baird in 1928 and the British Broadcasting Corporation was the first to broadcast television images in 1929. Previously the radio helped us hear things from far and near, spread information and knowiedge from one corner of the globe to another. But all this was done through sound only. But television combined visual images with sound. Today we can watch games, shows and song and dance programmes from all corners of the world, while sitting at our own homes. TV can be used for educating the masses, for bringing to us latest pieces of information audio-visually(শ্রবণ এবং দর্শনের মাধ্যমে-একই সঙ্গে) and can provide us all kinds of entertainment even in colour. But as in all things, too much of televiewing(টিভি দেখা) may prove harmful. In many cases the habit of watching TV has an adverse effect(বিরূপ প্রতিক্রিয়া) on the study habits of the young. When we read books, we have to use our intelligence and imagination. But in most cases TV watching is a passive(নিষ্ক্রিয়) thing. It may dull(তীক্ষ্ণতা নষ্ট করে) our imagination and intelligence.

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Paragraph: A Village Fair

 A Village Fair

A fair is held every year at Krishnanagar on account of Rasjatra. I visited the fair this year. When I reached there, I saw a sea of human heads moving to and fro on the fair-ground. There were hundreds of stalls for selling various articles, such as toys, dolls, balloons, ribbons, wooden utensils, earthen pots, house-hold goods, baskets etc. There were a large number of sweet-meat stalls and they tempted the buyers, especially the children more than any other thing. The chief objects of attraction were two circus parties. They beat their drums every now and then to attract the spectators. The people who came to visit the fair came from all ranks of society and were all clad in their gala dress The life of the villagers is usually dull and monotonous. Once a year the faim breaks the monotony and adds joy to their life. It creates a ripple of joy all around. It is also a meeting ground for the old and the young, the rich and the poor.

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Story Writing: A Clever Judge

  Develop the following outline into a short story in about 150 to 200 words. Add a title to the story.

Outline:  A man lost his purse---complained to a judge---judge gave each servant of the man a stick----asked them to appear before him next day with their sticks----he said that the thief's stick would be longer by an inch-the thief was detected and sent to jail.

             A Clever Judge

       One day a rich man lost his purse. He thought that the purse had been stolen by someone of his servants, but he could not detect the actual thief. Then he made a complaint before a judge. The judge summoned all the servants but all of them denied the charge. The judge then hit upon a plan to detect the thief. He gave all of them sticks of equal length and asked them to submit the sticks on the following day. He also told that the stick of the theif will increase an inch by the magic touch of his judgment-stick at that time. All the servants went home and kept their sticks as it was. But the servant who stole the purse reduced the length of his stick by an inch. Next day when all the servants submitted their sticks to the judge, one stick was found shorter by an inch and the thief was easily detected and sent to jail thereby. 

Moral : One can not hide one's misdeed by tricks.

বঙ্গানুবাদ:

         একজন চালাক বিচারক

        একদিন একজন ধনী লোক তাঁর পার্স হারিয়ে ফেলল।  তিনি ভেবেছিলেন যে পার্সটি তার কোনও চাকর চুরি করেছে, তবে তিনি প্রকৃত চোরটি সনাক্ত করতে পারেননি।  তারপরে তিনি বিচারকের কাছে অভিযোগ করেছিলেন।  বিচারক সকল চাকরকে ডাকলেন  কিন্তু সকলেই এই অভিযোগ অস্বীকার করলেন।  বিচারক তারপরে চোরকে সনাক্ত করার একটি পরিকল্পনা করেন।  তিনি তাদের সকলকে সমান দৈর্ঘ্যের লাঠি দিয়েছিলেন এবং পরের দিন তাদের লাঠিগুলি জমা দিতে বলেছিলেন।  তিনি আরও বলেছিলেন যে তাঁর বিচারক-লাঠির যাদুর ছোঁয়ায় চোরের লাঠিটি এক ইঞ্চি বৃদ্ধি পাবে।  সকল চাকর বাড়িতে গেল এবং তাদের লাঠিগুলি যেমন ছিল তেমন রাখল।  কিন্তু যে চাকরটি পার্স চুরি করেছিল সে তার লাঠিটির দৈর্ঘ্য এক ইঞ্চি কমিয়ে দিয়েছিল।  পরের দিন যখন সকল চাকর তাদের লাঠিটিগুলো বিচারকের কাছে জমা দেয়, তখন একটি লাঠি একটি ইঞ্চি ছোট অবস্থায় পাওয়া যায় এবং চোরটিকে সহজেই সনাক্ত করা যায় এবং এর মাধ্যমে জেল হাজতে প্রেরণ করা হয়।

 নীতিকথা: কৌশল দ্বারা কেউ নিজের অপকর্ম লুকিয়ে রাখতে পারে না।

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Story:Two Friends and a Bear

 

 Develop the following outline into a short story in about  150 to 200 words. Give your story a suitable title.

Outline:Two friends travelling together met a bear--one jumped up a tree--- another lay down like a dead man---the bear smelt his nose and ear and took him to be a dead man---then left the  place. 

TWO FRIENDS AND A BEAR 

Once two friends were passing through a forest. The forest was full of ferocious animals and the two friends were very much frightened. But they promised to stand by each other in danger. Suddenly they saw a bear coming towards them. One of them knew how to climb a tree. He at once climbed a tree and hid himself. The other man, finding no other alternative fell flat on the ground and held his breath, pretending to be dead. The bear came up to him and smelt his nose and ears and face, took him to be a dead man and left the place. When the bear was gone, the man on the tree came down and said, "Thank God that you are saved. But friend, I saw the bear put its mouth very close to your ear. Did it say anything to you?" The friend replied, "Yes, the bear told me not to trust a friend who left me in my danger to seck his own safety." 

Moral: A friend in need is a friend indeed. 

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Write a letter to the editor of a newspaper about the problem of drug addiction.

  Write a letter to the editor of a newspaper about the problem of drug addiction. 

Ans.

To 

The Editor, 

The Statesman, 

Calcutta - 700 001. 

                              Sub: Problem of durg addiction. 

Sir, 

     I shall be highly obliged if you kindly publish the following matter in your daily newspaper in the interest of common people.

     Drug addiction has now become a major problem of our social life. Many young men and women are falling victims of this dreadful curse. Heroin, Brown sugar, L. S. D and other narcotics are smuggled into the country by the dishonest traders. These traders operate underground and the young ones take these drugs for temporary pleasure. These drugs are nothing but death traps. Initially the drugs stimulate the addicts but slowly they lead the addicts to death. As a result the rosy possibilities of our young men and women are nipped in the bud. The right-thinking people should come forward to generate public opinion against this great curse of our social life. We should take the pledge - 'Let us unite for a drug - free world.' 

     Under the above circumstances, I pray and hope that the government should take proper steps to solve the problem as soon as possible.

  

 Yours faithfully, 

Pappu Das

বাংলা অনুবাদ:

 মাদকাসক্তের সমস্যা সম্পর্কে একটি পত্রিকার সম্পাদককে একটি চিঠি লেখ।

উঃ

 প্রতি

 সম্পাদক,

 দ্য স্টেটসম্যান,

 কলকাতা - 700 001।

 বিষয়: মাদকাসক্তির সমস্যা।

 মহাশয়,

সাধারণ মানুষের স্বার্থে যদি আপনি দয়া করে নিম্নলিখিত বিষয়টি আপনার প্রতিদিনের পত্রিকায় প্রকাশ করেন তবে আমি অত্যন্ত কৃতজ্ঞ হব।

    

 মাদকাসক্তি এখন আমাদের সামাজিক জীবনের একটি বড় সমস্যা হয়ে দাঁড়িয়েছে।  বহু যুবক এবং মহিলা এই ভয়ঙ্কর অভিশাপের শিকার হচ্ছেন। অসাধু ব্যবসায়ীরা  হেরোইন, ব্রাউন সুগার, এল. এস. ডি এবং অন্যান্য মাদকদ্রব্য দেশে পাচার করে।  এই ব্যবসায়ীরা ভূগর্ভস্থ পরিচালনা করে এবং অল্প বয়স্করা সাময়িক আনন্দের জন্য এই ড্রাগগুলি গ্রহণ করে।  এই ড্রাগগুলি মৃত্যুর ফাঁদ ছাড়া আর কিছুই নয়।  প্রাথমিকভাবে ড্রাগগুলি আসক্তদের উত্তেজিত করে তবে ধীরে ধীরে ড্রাগগুলি আসক্তদের মৃত্যুর দিকে নিয়ে যায়।  ফলস্বরূপ আমাদের যুবক এবং পুরুষদের উজ্জ্বল সম্ভাবনাগুলি অন্কুরে বিনষ্ট হয়ে যায়। আমাদের সমাজ জীবনের এই মহান অভিশাপের বিরুদ্ধে জনগণের মতামত তৈরি করতে সঠিক-চিন্তাবিদদের এগিয়ে আসা উচিত। আমাদের এই প্রতিশ্রুতি নেওয়া উচিত - 'আসুন আমরা মাদক মুক্ত বিশ্বের জন্য ঐক্যবদ্ধ হই।'

 উপরোক্ত পরিস্থিতিতে আমি প্রার্থনা করি এবং আশা করি যত তাড়াতাড়ি সম্ভব সমস্যা সমাধানের জন্য সরকারের যথাযথ পদক্ষেপ নেওয়া উচিত।

  

  আপনার বিশ্ব্স্ত,

পাপ্পু দাস স্যার

 

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STROY WRITING: MASTERPIECES OF MAESTROS

 Develop the following outline into a short story in about 150 to 200 words. Give your story a suitable title.

 Points: Three artists compete for a prize --- the first paints a bunch of flowers---- bees are drawn to it---- the second paints fruits and an ox tries to eat them --- the third a curtain and the judge goes to lift it --- the third wins the contest. 

                MASTERPIECES OF MAESTROS

Once there lived three artists in a big city. They were skilled artists. They produced masterpieces of art. Their arts are admired all over the world. Once a competition was held and an attractive prize was declared for the winner. A judge was appointed to choose the winner. All the three artists enrolled and competed for a prize. The first artist had painted a bunch of flowers and the second artist painted fruits but the third hand painted a curtain. The flowers were so charming and natural that bees were drawn to them. Fruits were so fresh and natural that an ox tried to eat them. The paintings highly pleased the judge and elicited his praise. Then, turning round, the judge tried to lift the curtain to see the third painting. He thought it was a real curtain hanging before the door. But soon, to his amazement, he discovered that it was a picture and not a curtain. Then the judge thought for a while before passing his final verdict. He said, "The flowers deceived an insect, the fruits a beast, but the curtain deceived a human being. Since a human being is superior to others the third artist is the best."

 Moral: Art lies in cincealing art.

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Story writing: Newton and his dog

  Develop the following outline into a short story in about 50 to 200 words. Give your story a suitable title.                               

Newton, a great scientist - Diamond, a little pet dog - heaps of paper on the table — a lighted candle on the table — Diamond jumped on the table - papers caught fire - Newton patted the dog . 

                    Newton and his dog 

Sir Isaac Newton was a great scientist. He had a little dog named Diamond. One day he went out of his room leaving his little dog asleep before the fire. For twenty years he was hard at work, studying a most difficult subject. On the table lay a heap of papers on which he had put down the findings of his research for twenty years. When his master left the room, little Diamond woke up, jumped on the table and overturned the lighted candle. The papers at once caught fire. Just when the papers had been completely burnt, Newton opened the door of the room. He saw that the fruits of his twenty years' labours had been turned into a heap of ashes. There stood Diamond, the cause of all this mischief. Almost any other man would have killed the dog on the spur of the moment. But Newton patted him on the head with kindness, although his heart was full of grief. Then he patiently set to work again.

 Moral: Patience is the strength of character.

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THE WISE SOLOMAN

 THE WISE SOLOMAN /  THE WISE JUDGE

 Once upon a time there lived a King called Soloman. He was famous for his wisdom.  He could solve any problem wisely. People praised him for his wisdom and intelligence. Once two women came to him with two babies . One of the babies was alive , and the other was dead . Both claimed the living one . King Soloman was a bit puzzled. After a while he called his men and said, "Cut the living child into two equal halves and give each of the women a half. "One woman readily agreed.   The other began to cry. She then prayed to the King, "Oh King ! I don't want the baby, give it to her.  "Now king Soloman realised who the real mother was. He then ordered his men to give the baby to the real mother. And the other was sent to jail. 

MORAL : Truth Always Triumphs.

জ্ঞানী বা পন্ডিত সোলেমান/ জ্ঞানী বিচারক

একদা  সোলোমান নামে একজন রাজা বাস করতেন।  তিনি তাঁর জ্ঞানের জন্য বিখ্যাত ছিলেন।  তিনি যে কোনও সমস্যা বুদ্ধি করে সমাধান করতে পারতেন।  লোকেরা তাঁর জ্ঞান এবং বুদ্ধি জন্য প্রশংসা করতেন।  একবার দু'জন মহিলা দু'জন বাচ্চা নিয়ে  তাঁর কাছে এলেন।  একটি বাচ্চা বেঁচে ছিল এবং অন্যটি মারা গিয়েছিল।  দুজনেই জীবিতকে দাবি করলেন।  রাজা সলোমন কিছুটা বিস্মিত হয়ে গেলেন।  কিছুক্ষণ পরে তিনি তাঁর লোকদের ডেকে বললেন, "জীবিত শিশুটিকে দুটি  সমান ভাগে ভাগ কর   এবং প্রত্যেক মহিলাকে অর্ধেক দাও।" এক মহিলা অনায়াসেই রাজি হন।  অন্য জন কাঁদতে লাগল।  তারপরে তিনি রাজার কাছে প্রার্থনা করলেন, "ওহ রাজা! আমি বাচ্চা চাই না, তাকে দিয়ে দিন।" এখন রাজা সোলোমান বুঝতে পারলেন আসল মা কে।  তারপরে তিনি তাঁর লোকদের প্রকৃত  মাকে বাচ্চা দেওয়ার নির্দেশ দেন।  আর অপরকে কারাগারে প্রেরণ করা হল।

 নীতিকথা: সত্যের সর্বদা জয়।

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A a question and answer of THE COMEDY OF ERRORS

 Why was the Elder Antipholus denied entry  into his own house?

  ANS. There was a comedy of error for which Elder Antipholus was denied entry into his own house. Antipholus of Syracuse  was having his dinner. Adriana thought that her husband was dining in the house. She did not have the least suspicion  that Antipholus of Syracuse was not her husband. In the meantime Elder Antipholus or Antipholus of Ephesus came back to his own home. But he was denied entry as he was supposed to be inside the house. This made Elder Antipholus furious and he  decided to leave the house.

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A a question and answer of THE COMEDY OF ERRORS

 How did Aegeon find out all his family members? (কিভাবে ইজিয়ন তার সব পরিবারের সদস্যদের খুঁজে পেলেন?)

Ans. When Aegeon came to Ephesus in search of his younger son, he was arrested and asked to pay a thousand marks as ransome to escape the death sentence.  Failing to pay it, when he was being taken to the place of execution beside a nunnery  he accidentally met his missing twin sons and it came to pass  that the abess of the nunnery was none other than his long-lost wife.  In this way Aegean was reunited with his family members through various confusing incidents that took place for the identical appearance of his two sons and their identical servants.

বঙ্গানুবাদ:

  ইজিয়ন যখন ছােট ছেলের খোঁজে এফেসাসে এসেছিলেন তখন তিনি গ্রেপ্তার হন এবং মৃত্যুদন্ড থেকে রক্ষা পেতে তাকে একহাজার মার্ক পণ দিতে বলা হয়। এই পণ দিতে ব্যর্থ হওয়ায় যখন তাঁকে একটি মঠের পাশে মৃত্যুদণ্ড কার্যকর করার স্থানে নিয়ে যাওয়া হচ্ছিল তখন ঘটনাক্রমে তার হারিয়ে যাওয়া দুই যমজ ছেলের সংগে দেখা হয়ে যায় এবং এর প্রকাশ পায় যে মঠের অধ্যক্ষা আর কেউ নন আসলে তাঁর অনেকদিনের হারিয়ে যাওয়া স্ত্রী। এভাবেই তার দুই ছেলে এবং তাদের একইরকমের দুই চাকরের জন্য ঘটা নানা বিভ্রান্তিকর ঘটনার মধ্য দিয়ে ইজিয়ন তার পরিবারের সদস্যদের সংগে পুনর্মিলিত হয়েছিলেন। 

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A question and answer of AS YOU LIKE IT

  Narrate in your word the experience of Rosalina and Celia when they reached the Forest of Arden. (যখন সিলিয়া আর রােজালিন্ড আর্ডেনের বনে পেীঁছল তখনকার অভিজ্ঞতা নিজের ভাষায় লেখাে৷ )

Ans. In disguise, Rojalind and Celia went to the forest of Arden. Rojalind became Ganymede, a country lad, and Celia became Aliena, a country lass.  Just when they reached the forest, they got into trouble. They did not find any inn, food and good accommodation.  They were very tired, they were very hungry.  Then they met a man in the village.  He took them to his master, a shepherd.  His boss wanted to sell his house.  They bought the house  and kept the man as a servant.  In this way they made an adjustment with the forest life and introduced themselves as shepherd and shepherdess.

বঙ্গানুবাদ:

ছদ্মবেশে রােজালিন্ড আর সিলিয়া আর্ডেনের বনে চলে গেল। রােজালিন্ড হয়ে গেল গ্যামিমিড, একটা গ্রাম্য ছেলে আর সিলিয়া হল অ্যালিয়েন্স এখন গ্রাম্য মেয়ে। ঠিক যখন তারা জঙ্গলে পৌছল, তারা একটা সমস্যায় পড়ল। তারা কোনও পান্থশালা, খাবার এবং ভাল থাকার বন্দোবস্ত খুঁজে পেল না। খুব ক্লান্ত ছিল তারা, তাদের খুব খিদে পেয়েছিল। তারপর গ্রামে একজন মানুষের সঙ্গে তাদের দেখা হয়ে গেল। সে তাদের নিয়ে গেল তার মনিব মানে একটা মেষপালকের কাছে। তার মনিব তার বাড়িটি বেচতে চাই ছিলেন। তারা বাড়িটি কিনে ফেলল আর লোকটাকে চাকর হিসেবে রেখে দিল। এভাবেই তারা বনের জীবনের সঙ্গে তাল মিলিয়ে চলতে লাগল এবং নিজেদের মেষপালক ও মেষপালিকা হিসেবে পরিচয় দিয়ে চলতে লাগল।

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A question and answer of THE PROPOSAL

 Describe the quarrel over the hunting dogs. (শিকারি কুকুরদের কেন্দ্র করে বিবাদটি বর্ণনা করো )

After  Lomov is come back, Natalia tries to behave politely with him.  He starts talking about the shooting.  And the subject of hunting brings up the issue of dogs.  Natalia claims that her dog Squeezer is better than Lomov's Guess, although her dog is less expensive than Lomov's dog. At once Lomov claims squeezer is overshot, and for that, it is a bad hunter.  Natalia claims that Squeezer is thoroughbred, whereas Guess is old and as ugly as a worn-out cab-horse.  Chubukov makes the quarrel fierce by saying that  Guess is short in the muzzle.  In this way, Lomov, Natalia and Chubukov get into the argument over the dogs. 

[ লােমােভ ফিরে আসার পর নাতালিয়া তার সঙ্গে ভদ্র আচরণ করতে চেষ্টা করে। সে শিকার নিয়ে কথাবার্তা শুরু করে। আর শিকারের বিষয়টি কুকুরের প্রসঙ্গ টেনে আনে। নাতালিয়া দাবি করে তার কুকুর স্কুইজার লােমােভের গেসের চেয়ে ভালাে, যদিও তার কুকুরের দাম লােমােভের কুকুরের চেয়ে কম। তক্ষুনি লােমােভ দাবি করে স্কুইজারের নীচের চোয়ালটি ছােটো, আর সেই কারণে, সেটি বাজে শিকারি। নাতালিয়া দাবি করে যে স্কুইজার বিশুদ্ধ বংশজাত, যেখানে গেস বৃদ্ধ আর গাড়ি - টানা জীর্ণ ঘােড়ার মতাে কুৎসিত। শুবুকভ বিবাদটিকে আরও ভয়ংকর করে তােলেন এই বলে যে গেসের নাক ও চোয়াল খাটো। এইভাবে লােমােভ, নাতালিয়া ও শুবুকভ কুকুরদের কেন্দ্র করে বিবাদে জড়িয়ে পড়ে। ]

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A question and answer of 'AS YOU LIKE IT'

 Describe the character of the old duke . ( প্রবীণ ডিউকের চরিত্রটি বর্ণনা করাে । ) 

Ans. The old Duke went into the forest of Arden  because his brother Frederick  banished  him.  He liked the calm and peaceful life of the forest.  Many courtiers who loved and respected him went to the forest with the Duke.  He never  grieve for his lost property.  But he enjoyed the peaceful time in the forest.  He loved the chilling wind of winter, because from there he learned the lessons of real life.  When he was flattered  he felt uncomfortable and uneasy.  He invited Orlando and Adam to dinner though Orlando behaved rudely.  He accepted Rojalind's marriage.  He forgave his brother.  He expressed his gratitude to his followers who accompanied him during his painful days. 

বঙ্গানুবাদ:

 প্রবীণ ডিউক চলে গিয়েছিলেন আর্ডেনের জঙ্গলে কারণ তার ভাই ফ্রেডরিক তাকে তাড়িয়ে দিয়েছিল। অরণ্যের শান্ত ও শান্তিপূর্ণ জীবন তার খুব ভালাে লাগত। বহু রাজসভার মানুষ যারা তাকে ভালােবাসত ও শ্রদ্ধা করত ডিউকের সঙ্গে বনে চলে গিয়েছিল। কোনাে দিন তার হারিয়ে - যাওয়া সম্পত্তির জন্য দুঃখ করেননি। কিন্তু বনের শান্তিপূর্ণ সময়টাকে উপভােগ করেছেন। শীতের কনকনে বাতাসকে সে খুব পছন্দ করত, কারণ সেখান থেকে তিনি সত্যিকারের জীবনের পাঠ পেতেন। যখন তাকে তােষামােদ করা হত তিনি অস্বস্তি বােধ করতেন এবং কষ্ট পেতেন। যদিও অরল্যান্ডাে বাজে ব্যবহার করেছিল, তিনি অরল্যান্ডাে ও অ্যাডামকে নৈশভােজে ডেকেছিলেন। তিনি রােজালিন্ডের বিয়েটা মেনে নিয়েছিলেন। ভাইকে ক্ষমা করে দিলেন। যেসব সঙ্গীসাথি দুঃখের দিনে তার সঙ্গে ছিলেন তাদেরকে কৃতজ্ঞতা জানালেন। 

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